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Canada / SK / DgMr-1 (Long Creek) / S-54
- Lab number
- S-54
- Material dated
- charcoal; charbon de bois
- Locality
- south side of Long Creek, 552 m asl, about 13 km south and 1.5 km west of Estevan, Souris drainage, Saskatchewan
- Map sheet
- 62 E/02
- Submitter
- B. Wettlaufer
- Date submitted
- July 11, 0096
- Measured Age
- 5000 ± 125
- Normalized Age
- 5000 ± 125
- δ13C (per mil)
- -25.0
- Significance
- Early Archaic, Oxbow?; Archaïque inférieur
- Stratigraphic component
- Level 9
- Context
- Level 9, middle portion, yellow-grey clay layer below Level 8, Grid B, 10N56½E & 20N56½E
- Associated taxa
- Mammalia: Bison sp
- Comments
- DgMr-1, Long Creek: Along with Mortlach, the Long Creek site was instrumental in placing Saskatchewan archaeology in a firm stratigraphic framework. Nine well separated occupation levels were recognized by Wettlaufer and Mayer-Oakes (1960). Radiocarbon dates were obtained on charcoal from Levels 4, 5, 7, 8, and 9. Exact provenience has been published for most of the radiocarbon samples (Wettlaufer and Mayer-Oakes 1960: Appendix 2), but the artifacts are reported only by level number. The provenience data of S-49b and S-63b are suspect due to cataloguing errors (Wettlaufer and Mayer-Oakes 1960: 137). Level 1, referred to the "Hidatsa-Fall River Culture," yielded both Plains and Prairie side-notched, as well as Plains triangular, and a few minor un-named varieties of projectile points. Kehoe (1966: 830) notes that Wettlaufer and Mayer-Oakes (1960) interchanged the definitions of Plains and Prairie side-notched points (cf. MacNeish 1958: 103-104). Level 2 contained two Avonlea points and one "Plains" [Prairie] side-notched point, the latter thought to have been "trampled down into this level" [Wettlaufer and Mayer-Oakes 1960: 39]). Level 3 yielded Besant points and one triangular point. The ages of these three components are limited by a date on Level 4 (S-49a) which yielded five Pelican Lake points. Level 4 was separated from Level 5 by nearly one meter of sand and gravel that contained a large bison skull but no associated cultural material (Wettlaufer and Mayer-Oakes 1960: 90). Hence it is not surprising that there is no overlap between S-49a and a date on Level 5 (S-63a) that produced one Hanna point. Level 6 yielded no projectile points and was not dated. Level 7 yielded three Oxbow points, two triangular points, and a date (S-50) that does not overlap S-63a, on Level 5, but is identical to S-52, on Level 8. Level 8 contained four Oxbow points, two triangular points, one side-notched point, and one corner-notched point [counted from Wettlaufer and Mayer-Oakes (1960: Plate 18), since no text frequencies are given]. Two dates on Level 8 (S-52, S-53) can be averaged. Level 9 produced a date (S-54) but no projectile points. S-54 is incorrectly assigned to Level 8 in the date list. After reviewing symposium papers on the subject, Wettlaufer (1981) expressed the view that Levels 6 and 9 should be attributed to Oxbow along with Levels 7 and 8. Culturally sterile gravel 29" (74 cm) below Level 9 contained charcoal dated by S-55.